Pressure fluid motor



1941. E. GARTIINH 2,252,711

PRESSURE FLUID MOTOR Filed July 30, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 4 a e. GARTIN 2,252,711

PRESSURE FLUID MOTOR Fil s d July 30, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 V Patented Aiig. 19,

PRESSURE FLUID MOTOR Elmer G. Gartim- Claremont, N. H., assignor to Sullivan Machinery Company, a corporation Massachusetts Application July so, 1940, Serial No. 348,428

'20 Claims.

This invention relates to pressure fluid motors, and more particularly to improvements in the fluid distribution means for a pressure fluid motor of the reciprocating piston type.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved pressure fluid motor. Another'object I is to provide improved fluid distribution means embodying improved fluid distributing valve means whereby the flow of pressure fluid to the motor cylinder is controlled in an improved manner. A further object is to provide an improved fluid distributing valve means of the double-valve type, one valve individual to the flow of fluid to each end of the motor cylinder, whereby a more efficient motor is obtained. Yet another object is to provide an improved doublevalve fluid distribution means having improved means for positively throwing the distributing valves into their diiierent operating positions. A still further object is to provide an improved auxiliary exhaust means for one of the pressureareas on the rear valve whereby throwing of the rear valve is substantially delayed. Other objects and advantages of the invention will, however, hereinafter more .fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings there are shown for purposes of illustration .two forms which the invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings:

Fig. l is a view in longitudinal vertical section through a pressure fluid motor constructed in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the invention.

' Figs. 2 and 3 are views similar to Fig. 1, showing the distributingvalves and motor different operating positions.

D Fig. 4 is an end elevational view of one of the fluid distributing valves.

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the distributing valve shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken in the plane of Fig. 1, illustrating the improved valve means.

Fig. '7 is a view in longitudinal vertical section taken through a pressure fluid motor constructed in accordance with another illustrative embodiment of the invention. 1

Figs. 8 and 9 are views'similar to Fig. 7, showing the distributing valves and. motor piston in different operating positions.

piston in view taken in the plane of Fig. 7, illustrating the modified valve means.

In both illustrative embodiments of the ,invention th improved fluid distribution means is shown embodied in a pressure fluid motor of the reciprocating piston, impact type especially designed for use in hammer drilling tools. It

will be evident, however, that various features of the invention may be incorporated in pressure fluid motors of various other types.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, the pressure fluid motor with which the improved fluid distribution means is associated, comprises a motor cylinder I having a bore 2 containing a reciprocatory motor'piston 3. The motor piston is, in this instance, in the form of a hammer and is adapted to deliver impact blows through a tappet B to the shank 5 of a suitable working implement. The

Fig. 10 is an end elevational view of the rear I distributing valve.

Fig.'11 is a side elevational view of the valve shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary. sectional cylinder has a front head 6 having a bore in which the tappet is reciprocably mounted, and the shank of the working implement projects within the head bore in a position to receive the impact blows transmitted thereto by the tappet. The cylinder has a rear head plate I arranged in a bore 8 in a rear head block 9, the head block bore also receiving the rear end of the motor cylinder, in the manner shown. Also arranged in the block bore is a valve block l0 abutting the rear head plate, while a cover plate It also arranged in the head block bore abuts the rear face of the valve block. The front head and rear head block are suitably secured to the motor cylinder, and the parts I, I0 and II are clamped in position against the rear end of the cylinder by the rear head block. The parts I, III and II cooperateto form a valve chamber l2 in' which a pair 01' cooperating, relatively movncted byradialflanges 23 and 24 "to the inner valve bodies. Extending inwardly from each of the valve bodies, substantially midway between the valve extremities, are internal annular flanges 25 and. 26, while projecting from the remote faces of the valves are annular projections 21 and 28 having seating surfaces 29 and 30 adapted to seat against plane seat surfaces formed on the plates II and 1 respectively at the opposite ends of the valve chamber. The inner sleevelike valve bodies l9 and 20 project. within the partition bore I'I inwardly toward one another, and the adjacent end faces of the valves are adapted to abut one another in. certain valve positions. The plates II and I have inwardly'projecting circular projections3ll and 32, and the bores within the outer sleevelike portions 2|, 22 of the valves slidingly engage the exterior peripheries of these projections. The plates II and I have axial circular projections 33 and 34 formed'ofi their inner faces inwardly of the circular projections 3| and 32 respectively, and these latter projections extend axially within the valves so that the inner peripheries of the internal valve flanges 25, 28 respectively co-; operate with theexteri r eripheries of the projections to provide restricted clearance spaces 35 and 38 for metering purposes, in a well known manner. The valves cooperate to provide an internal chamber 31 to which pressure fluid may be conducted from any suitable source through a supply passage 38 communicating with a' supply chamber 38 formed in the rear head block, and an axial passage 40 in the cover plate ll connects the.chamber 39 with the internal valve chamber 37. The passage 40 extends centrally through the axial circular projection 33.

Communicating with the valve chamber at the forward side of the front valve I 4 are fluid distribution passages 4! for conducting pressure fluid to the rear end of the cylinder bore at the rear side of the motor piston. Fluid distribution passages 42 communicate with the valve chamber at the rear side of the rear valve l3 for conducting pressure fluid to the front end of the cylinder bore at the front side of the motor piston. A throwing passage 43 communicates with the rear end of the valve chamber bore l5 at the rear side of the front valve flange 24, and a port 44 connects this throwing passage with the cylinder bore. A port 45 connects a throwing passage 46 with the front end of the valve chamber bore l5 at the front side of the rear valve flange 23, and this throwing passage communicates with the cylinder bore through a port 41. Passages 48 in the partition [8 connect the adjacent ends of the valvechamber bores l5 and I5 at the inner sides of thevalve between the ends thereof is a piston-controlled exhaust groove 56 connected to atmosphere through a passage 51 and slots 58.

The general mode of operation of the pressure fluid motor described above isas follows. When the parts are in the position town in Fig. 1, pressure fluid may flow from the supply passage 38, chamber 39 and axial passage 48 to the pressure chamber 31 within the valves 13, I4. The valves are at that time in their rearmost positions with the front valve l4 abutting the rear valve l3, and the effective rear pressure area of the rear valve is connected to atmosphere through ports 55, groove 5!, passage 49, recess 53 and vent passages 54. Pressure fluid acting on the front face of the front valve holds the rear valve in its closed position. Pressure fluid may flow from the internal fluid chamber 31 within the valves, through the restricted clearance space 36, past the front face of the front valve flange 24 and through distribution passages 4| to the rear end of the cylinder bore at the rear side of the motor piston, the fluid acting on the rear pressure area of the piston to move the latter forwardly to effect its working stroke. As the piston moves forwardly, its leading edge first covers the exhaust groove 58, and then its following edge uncovers the port 44, admitting pressure fluid from the rear end of the cylinder bore through the throwing passage 43 to the rear face of the front valve flange 24 to throw the front valve i4 forwardly to its position shown in Fig. 2. A portion of the throwing pressure willpass through passages 48 and act on the front surface of the flange 23 of the rear valve l3 to hold the latter closed. Thus, at this time both valves are closed so that the flow of pressure fluid to the cylinder bore is momentarily completely out off. As the piston continues to move forwardly, the leading edge of the motor piston overruns the port 41 Y and thereafter the following edge of the piston flanges'23 and 24. Passages 49 and 50 respectively connect annular grooves or recesses 5| and 52, communicating'with the valve chamber bores l5 and I5 at the remote ends of the valves, with a recess 53 which is in turn connected to atmosphere through vent passages 54. The sleevelike outer portion 2| of the rear valve I3 is preferably perforated by a series of radial apertures 55 for connecting the bore of the sleevelike portion at the rear side of the valve flange with the rear groove 5!. The front valve has its sleevelike portion 22 perforated by a series of apertures in a like manner, but these apertures are maintained blanked ofl. by the walls of the bore I6. By providing apertures in both valves, the valves are made interchangeable without affecting their operating functions.

If desired, however, the apertures in both valves may effect venting and at that time the front groove 52 would naturally be of thesame width as'the rear groove, instead of narrower as shown.

Communicating with the cylinder bore midway uncovers the exhaust groove 58, connecting the rear end of the cylinder bore to exhaust. As the piston approaches the end of its forward stroke, the fluid trapped in the front end of the cylinder bore is compressed, and this compression pressure, a portion of which is vented through ports 55, passage 49, chamber 53 and vents 54, so as to delay rear valve opening, acts through the distributing passages 42 on the rear face of the flange 23 of the rear valve I3 to throw the latter forwardly into its position shown in Fig. 3. It may be noted that uncovering the exhaust further reduces pressure acting on the forward face of the flange 23 of the valve l3. The valves I3 and I4, after valve I3 is thrown forwardly, are both in their foremost positions. withv the rear valve l3 abutting the front valve M to hold the latter closed, and the forward end of the outer valve sleeve 22 of the front valve is connected to atmosphere through groove 52, passage 50, recess 53 and vent passages .54. Pressure fluid is then admitted to the front end of the cylinder bore at the front side of the motor piston through the valve chamber 31, through the restricted clearance space 35, past the rear face of the rear valve and through the distribution passages 42, the pressure fluid acting on the frontpressure area of the motor piston to move the latter rearwardly to effect its return stroke. As the piston moves rearwardly from the position shown-in Fig. 3, the leading edge of the piston first overruns the exhaust quickly thrown.

groove 88 and thereafter the following edge of the piston uncovers the port 41 of the throwing passage 48, admitting pressure fluid from the front end of the cylinder bore to the pressure area on the front face of the flange 23 of the rear valve II to effect throwing of the latter into its rearmost closed position, as shown in Fig. 2, and a part of the fluid passes forwardly through passages 48 to hold the front valve closed. At this time both valves are closed so that the flow of pressure fluid to the cylinder bore is momentarily completely out off. As the piston continues to move rearwardly, the fluid trapped within the rear end of the cylinder bore is compressed, and this compression pressure acts through the distribution passages 4| on the I to throw the latter rearwardly into its rearmost position, as shown in Fig. 1, in abutting engagement with the rear valve. The operations above described are rapidly repeated during normal running of the motor.

By the provision of the auxiliary venting ports 88 for the rear side of the flange of the rear valve, opening of the latter is substantially debe employed for the front valve, it is considered unnecessary since substantial cushioning of the piston as it approaches the end of its return stroke is desirable. when the compression pressure is built up by the piston to a predetermined degree within the front end of the cylinder bore as the piston approaches the end of its forward working stroke, the rear valve is It may also be noted that the constant venting of the areas on the ends of the outer sleevelike portions 2| and 22 will result in sharper, cleaner valve throwing by the pressures acting on the adjacent faces of the flanges 28 and 24.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 7 to 12, inclusive; the cylinder and piston structure is similar to that above described, the primary difference residing in the valve means for controlling the supply of pressure fluid to the motor cylinder. Arranged in the bore 8' of the rear head block 9' and abutting the rear end of the cylinder is a rear head plate 88, and also arranged in the block bore and abutting theArear face of the head plate is a valve block 8|. A cover plate 82, also arranged in the block bore, abuts the rear face of the valve-block, and interposed between the cover plate and the'rear wall of the head block bore is a plate 83. The latter plate 88 has an integral tube 84 passing centrally through the cover plate and valve blockv and having its forward portion fltted tightly within an axial bore 85 in the rear head plate 88. The parts 88, GI and 82 cooperate to form a valve chamber 88 in which a pair of cooperating, relatively movable, ,alinedfluid distributing valves 81 and 88 are reciprocably mounted. The valve chamber has uniform end bores 88 and I8 and an interfront face of the flange 24 of the front valve plates 82 and 88 have inwardly directed circular projections I1 and i8, and the valves 81 and 88 have internal annular flanges I8 and 88 which cooperate with these projections to provide restricted clearance spaces 8| and 82 for metering purposes. Projection from the remote end faces 18 at the front side of the'front valve 88 with,

the rear end of the cylinder bore, while fluid distribution passages 82'. connect the rear valve bore 88 at the rear side of the rear valve 81 with mediate reduced bore II, the latter being formed in a. partition 12. The valves are herein preferably of the sleeve type and have sleevelike bodies I3 and 18 arranged in sliding telescopic relation, and the body of the rear valve slidingly flts the intermediate bone. 1 I. The valve bodies have near their remote ends annular flanges l5 and 18 which at their exterior peripheries slidingly flt the end valve chamber bores 88 and II. The

'sage38, chamber 38,

the front end of the cylinder bore at the front side of the motor piston. A throwing passage 43' communicates with the valve bore 18 at the rear side of the flange of the front valve, while a throwing passage 88' communicates with the rear valve bore 88 at the front side of the rear valve flange, and these throwing passages communicate with the cylinder bore through ports M and 41' respectively. Passages 48' in the partition 12, connect the adjacent ends of the valve chamber bores 88 and ID at the inner sides of the external valve flanges l5 and I8. Communicating with the cylinder bore midway between the ends thereof is a piston-controlled exhaust groove 58 through a passage 51 and slots 58. Exhaust passages 87 and B8 connect the adjacent ends of the valve bores 89 and 18 at the inner faces of the valve flanges with the atmosphere.

The general modeof operation of this modified form of pressure fluid motor is as follows. When the parts are in the positionshown in'Fig. pressure fluid may flow from the supply pasthe bore of the tube 8land ports 85 to the pressure chamber 88 within the distributing valves 81 and 88. The valves are at that time in their rearmost positions with the front valve abutting. the rear valve, and the effective rear pressure area on the forward face of the external flange of the rear valve is connected to exhaust, as is also the rearward face of the external flange of the valve 88. Pressure fluid may flow from the pressure chamber wardly, its leading face covers the exhaust groove 58, and then its following edge uncovers the port 44', admitting pressure fluid from the rear end of the cylinder bore through the throwing passage 43' to the rear face of the external flange 18 of the front valve 88 to throw the latter forwardly to its closed position shown in Fig. 8. The time of throwing will be somewhat modified by the venting of a. part of the throwing fluid through the passage 88 and through the passages 48' and 81; and the fluid which acts to close the connected to atmosphere valve 68 will also aid in maintaining the valve 61 in closed position. At this time both valves are closed, so that the flow of pressure fluid to the cylinder bore is compressed, and this compression pressure acts through the distribution pas-v sages 42' on the rear face of the external flange of the rearvalve 6'! to throw the latter forwardly to its position shown in Fig. ,9. When the valves are in the position shown in Fig. 9 the rear valve abuts the front valve to hold the latter in its closed position and the eifective rear pressure area on the external flange of the front valve is connected to exhaust through the exhaust passage 88. Pressure fluid is then admitted to the front end of the cylinder bore at the forward side of the piston through the internal. valve chamber 86, through the restricted clearance space 8 I, through the valve chamber past the rear face of the rear valve 61 and through the passages 42', the pressure fluid acting on the front. pressure area of the motor piston to move the latter rearwardly to eifect its return stroke. The

pressure iiuid acting on the rear face of the rear valve at that time holds the front valve in its closed position. The front face of the external flange of the rear valve and, though it is not of moment at the time, therear face of the external flange of the front valve, are-then both vented. As the piston moves rearwardly from the position shown in Fig. 9, the leading edge of the piston first overruns the exhaust groove 56 and thereafter the following edge of the piston uncovers the port 41' of the throwing passage 46', admitting pressure fluid from the front end of the cylinder bore to the pressure area at the forward face of the external flange 15 of the rear valve 61 to eflect throwing of the latter into its rearmost closed position shown in Fig. 8. The time of throwing of the valve 61 will be somewhat modified by the partial venting of the throwing fluid,\in a manner similar to that described with respect to the closing of the front valve 68; and

both valves will be subjected to'a holding action by the pressure through the passage 46'. At

.this time both valves are closed so that the flow of pressure fluid to the cylinder bore is momentarily completely out off As the piston con tinues to move rearwardly, the fluid trapped within the rear end of the cylinder bore is compressed, and this compression pressure acts through the distribution passages 4| on the front face of the external flange 16 of the front valve 68 to throw the latter rearwardly into its rearmost position shown in Fig. '7, in abutting engagement with the rear valve. .As the piston nears the rear end of its stroke, the exhaust groove 56 is uncovered. The operations above described are rapidly repeated during normal running of the motor.

It will be noted that in the modified form of construction, auxiliary exhau'st means is provided for both valves, so that a substantial delay in the throwing of both valves is obtained. If desired, however, the auxiliary exhaust passage for therear valve may be omitted, with, if needed, a restriction of communication through the passages 48', if more eifective cushioning of the tributing valves for effecting the control of the flow of pressure fluid to the motor cylinder, not only are the'smoothness and efficiency of the operation of the motor improved, but also a more powerful hammer blow is obtained. It will further be evident that by the improved novelv valve design embodying a pair of cooperating distrib- 3 uting valves, one individual to the control of flow to each end of the motor cylinder, control of flow of pressure fluid to the motor cylinder is not only improved, but also, due to the symmetry in design of valves having like operating functions,

reversal of' the valves is possible, thereby eliminating the possibility of improper assembling of the valves. Also by the provision of 'the improved valve throwing means embodying the auxiliary exhaust means, the valves are thrown into their different operating positions in an improved and more positive manner.

In both main forms of the invention that have been disclosed for purposes of illustration, it will be noted that there is at least one passage leading from thecylinder bore and having its communication with the latter piston-controlled and, in certain piston positions, connected with the exhaust groove 56 through the cylinder bore,.which passage at its other end communicates with a valve throwing area which has provided for it another vent or exhaust connection independent of the motor piston.

Other advantages of the invention in addition to those hereinabove noted will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the artv While there are in this application specifical-.

1y described two forms which the invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that these forms of the same are shown for purposes comprising a cylinder, -a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of alined valve-receiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid ,supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arrangedin said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valvesv controlling the flow of pressure fluidfrom said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing" passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston'for subjecting pressure areas onsaid valves to valve throwing pressures, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for one of said valves for substantially delaying the throwing of said latter valve.

2. In a'pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a. cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of alined valvereceiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure'fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their difierent operating positions including throwing passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for one of said valves and controlled by the latter for substantially delaying the throwing of said latter valve.

3. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of alined valvereceiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a

pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another certain positions thereof, said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves intotheir different operating positions including throwing passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for one of said valves and controlled by the latter for substantially delaying the throwing of said latter valve, said auxiliary exhaust means including ports formed in said valve whereby movement of said'valve into a certain position efiects exhausting to atmosphere of One of the pressure areas thereon.

4. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, apiston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of alined valverecelving bores, fluiddistribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and arranged in alinedend abutting relation whereby saidvalves abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves controlling.

5. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in .said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of alined valve-receiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleevelike bodies, outer sleevelike portions and flanges projecting from said bodies for connecting said outer portion to said bodies, said outer portions respectively slidingly fitting said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another im certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, and means for throwing said valves into their. different operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating with said I bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlled by said piston.

6. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair'of alined valve-receiving bores, fluid'distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleevelike bodies arranged in sliding telescopic relation, outer sleevelike portions and flanges projecting from said bodies for connecting said outer portions to [said bodies, said outer portions respectively slidingly fitting said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another'in certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, and means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating with. said bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlled by said piston.

7. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, 2, piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid-distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of end valve-receiving bores and an intermediate reduced bore connecting said end bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said end bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleevelike bodies slidingly fitting said reduced intermediate bore and external flanges having integral sleevelike outer portions slidingly fitting said end bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passag s respectively, and means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating with said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, said distribution passages communicating with said end bores at the remote Sides of said valve flanges whereby said valves are thrown in one direction by compression pressure built up in said distribution passages by the motor piston.

8. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of end valve-receiving bores and an intermediate reduced bore connecting said end bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said end bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleevelike bodies slidingly fitting said reduced intermediate bore and external flanges having outer portions slidingly fitting said end bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to-said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating, with said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, said distribution passagescommunicating with said end bores at the remote sides of said valve flangeswhereby said valves are thrown in one direction by compression pressure built up in said distribution passages by the motor piston, and passage means for connecting said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges into constant communication.

9. In a pressure flui d motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor'including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of end valvereceiving bores and an intermediate reduced bore connecting said end bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said end bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleevelike bodies slidingly fitting said reduced intermediate bore and external flanges having outer portions slidingly fitting said end bores, said valves bein relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating with said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlledby said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, saiddistribution passages communicating with said end bores at the remote sides of said valve flanges whereby said valves are thrown in one direction by compression pressure built up in said distribution passages, by the motor piston, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for a pressure area on one of said valves whereby throwing of said latter valve is substantially delayed.

10. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of end valve-receiving bores and an intermediate reduced bore connecting said end bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said end bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleeve-like bodies slidingly fitting said reduced intermediate bore and external flanges having outer portions slidingly fitting said end bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their diflerent operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating with said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves tovalve throwing pressures, said distribution passages communicating with said end bores at the remote sides of said valve flanges whereby said valves are thrown in one direction by compression pressure built up in said distribution passages by the motor piston, passage means for connecting said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges into constant communication, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for a pressure area on one of said valves whereby throwing of said latter valve is substantially delayed.

11. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor'including means providing a pair of end valve-receiving bores and an intermediate reduced bore connecting said end bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves of the sleeve type having sleevelike bodies arranged in sliding telescopic relation, with the larger one of said valve bodies slidingly fitting said intermediate reduced bore, sleevelike outer portions and external flanges projecting from said valve bodies for connecting said outer portions to said bodies, said outer portions slidingly fltting said end bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, and means for throwing said valves into their difierent operating positions including throwing passages respectively communicating with said end bores at the inner sides of said valve flanges and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, said distribution passages communicating with said end bores at the remote sides of said valve flanges whereby said valves may be thrown in one direction by compression pressure built up in said distribution passages by the motor piston.

12. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of alined valvereceiving bores, fluid distribution passages leadmg respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply,

a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves tively movable and adapted to abut one anotherin certain positions thereof, said valves cooperating to provide an internal fluid supply chamber therein, said fluid supply constantly communicating with said internal chamber, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid through said chamber to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating. positions including passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwingnpressures, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for ,a pressure area of one of said valves for substantially delaying the throwing ofsaid latter valve.

13. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair of alined valvereceiving bores, fluid distribution passages leacling respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder,'a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut oneanother in certain positions thereof, said valves cooperating to provide an internal fluid supply chamber therein, said fluid supply constantly communicating with'said internal chamber, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid through said chamber to said passages respectively, said valves cooperating with means for providing a restricted flow of fluid from said chamber to said passages, means for throwing said valves'into their different operating positions including passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectibl'e to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for a pressure area of one of said valves for substantially delaying the throwing of said latter valve.

14. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair oi alined valvereceiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said boressto the opposite ends of said cylinder, at pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures and for intermediately connecting such pressure areas to exhaust through said throwing passages, certain pressure areas on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means controlled by said valves for conthe motor including a piston-controlled cylinder exhaust, means providing a pair or alined valvereceiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves'being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves cooperating to provide an internal fluid supply chamber therein, means for connecting said supply in constant communication with said internal chamber including a fluid conducting tube extending centrally within said valves, and said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said chamber to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas-on said valves to valve throwing pressures, certain pressure areas 'on said valves being connectible to exhaust through said distribution passages under the control of said piston, and auxiliary exhaust means for a pressure area on one of said valves for substantially'delaying the throwing of said latter valve. a

16. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of alined valve receiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distrib= uting valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into'their different operating positions including throwing passagescommunicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, and means for venting a portion of the fluid delivered to at least one of said areas to effect valve throwing, to delay valve throwing.

1'7. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair or alined valve receiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their difierent operating positions including throwing passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, and means associated with said pressure areas for venting a portion of the throwing pressure fluid delivered thereto.

18. In a pressure fluid motor, the combination comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and fluiddistribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of alined valve receiving bores, fluid distribution passages leading respectively from said bores to the opposite ends of said cylinder, a pressure fluid supply, a pair of cooperating fluid distributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, said valves controlling the flow of pressure fluid from said supply to said passages respectively, means for throwing said valves into their different operating positions including throwing passages communicating with said bores and controlled by said piston for subjecting pressure areas on said valves to valve throwing pressures, means for interconnecting said areas, and means for venting a portion of the throwing'fluid passing plurality of passages from one bore opening intoone-half of the cylinder and said plurality of passages from the other bore opening into the other half of the cylinder, at least one passage from each end serving as a distribution passage and each of said passages conducting fluid to an area on one of said valves to exert a pressure thereon efiective in the movement of the latter, and passage means opening from at leastone of said bores to atmosphere for discharging a portion of the fluid delivered through one of said first mentioned passage means to delay valve movement by such fluid.

20. In a pressure fluid motor, in combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, and-fluid distribution means for the motor including means providing a pair of alined valve receiving bores, a pair of cooperating fluid dis-' tributing valves arranged in said bores, said valves being relatively movable and adapted to abut one another in certain positions thereof, a

ment of the latter, and passage means opening from said bores to atmosphere for discharging a portion of the fluid delivered through one of said first mentioned passage means to delay valve movement by such fluid.

ELMER G. GARTIN. 

